【百家大讲堂】第313期:飞秒激光辐照下的气体、固体和液体光学性质动力学
讲座题目:飞秒激光辐照下的气体、固体和液体光学性质动力学
报 告 人:Vitaly Ivanovich Konov
时 间:2020年1月13日(周一)10:00-12:00
地 点:中关村校区车辆重点实验楼二层报告厅
主办单位:研究生院、机械与车辆学院
报名方式:登录华体会体育微信企业号---第二课堂---课程报名中选择“【百家大讲堂】第313期:飞秒激光辐照下的气体、固体和液体光学性质动力学”
【主讲人简介】
Konov教授是俄罗斯科学院通讯院士、俄罗斯工程院院士、俄罗斯科学院自然科学中心主任、俄罗斯国立核研究大学莫斯科工程物理学院激光微纳技术学部主席。他在1983年获得博士学位,研究方向涵盖了激光微纳技术、等离子体物理、材料科学、生物光学、新型碳材料的合成等。Konov教授共发表论文600余篇,授权专利24项。同时,Konov教授获得了包括功绩勋章、俄罗斯光学学会奖章、国家科学技术奖、国际光学工程学会会士等多项荣誉。
【讲座信息】
利用干涉泵浦探测技术研究在超快脉冲激光(脉冲时长100至1100飞秒)作用下,气体、固体和液体介质的光学性质(折射率n和透射率)在时间与空间维度上的变化。聚焦光斑半径为2至15微米,所得到的光斑通量为1至300J/cm2。激光波长为1030nm、800nm、400nm和266nm,脉冲重复频率自1kHz至1MHz,实现了最高延时为1.5ns的双脉冲探测。在不同的气压下,脉冲激光聚焦在一个充满了空气、氩气或氦气的空腔内,空腔被放置在充满水的石英容器或是硅晶体的内部。
揭示导致介质的折射率发生可逆变化的三大主要因素:(1)克尔效应,即反射率n增加,形成了一个凸透镜,并且导致了光线的聚焦(自聚焦);(2)多光子吸收和离子云的产生,相当于产生了一个凹透镜和激光能量的非线性吸收;(3)水和其他液体的自由电子转变为溶剂化电子表现出的反射率n的增加;以及在超快激光材料加工中,介质的光学性质对于加工的效率和精确的影响。
Temporal and spatial variation of gas, solid and liquid medium optical properties (refractive index n and transmittance) induced by ultra-short laser pulses (duration 100 – 1100 fs) were studied by pump-probe interferometric technique. Focal spot radius was 2-15μm that allowed to obtain laser fluence 1-300 J/cm2. Laser wavelength was 1030, 800, 400 or 266 nm, pulse repetition rate 1 kHz – 1 MHz, tandem fs pulse irradiation with time delay up to 1,5ns was also possible.Laser pulses were tightly focused either in a gas chamber with air, argon or helium at different pressures, inside a water filled quartz cell or in the bulk of silicon (diamond) samples.
It will be shown that three major phenomena govern the observed reversible changes of medium refractive index Δn, induced by (1) Kerr effect, when n grows and a positive lens is formed leading to beam focusing (self-focusing); (2) multi-photon radiation absorbtion and production of ionized particles cloud that acts as a negative lens (Δn<0) and non-linear absorber of laser energy; (3) conversion of free electrons into hydrotized (solvated) electrons in water and some other liquids when initially laser excited medium with negative Δn demonstrates Δn>0.
The role of laser-induced variation of medium optical properties on efficiency and precision of materials processing by ultra-short pulsed laser beam will be also discussed.